Interoperability is the ability of different information systems, devices, and apps to access, exchange, integrate and use data in a coordinated manner to provide timely and seamless portability of information and optimize the health of individuals and populations. Basically, interoperability refers to the ability of two electronic systems to interact with one another. Usually, this means creating standards around data formatting and structure and defined patterns on how to access the data. An example of interoperability is the special formatting of the routing number and account number on paper checks so that any bank can read that information from a check issued by any other bank. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has provided specific rules for interoperability that require data from health insurance companies to be formatted and presented in a consistent way so that systems permitted to utilize that data can do so in a standard fashion.